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  The Earth, the Sun and the Moon Year 5

 
  The Earth, the Sun and the Moon
 

Review of the points covered

  • The Earth, the Sun and the Moon are all spheres.
  • The Sun is the biggest object in our solar system and is about 110 times bigger in diameter than Earth.
  • The Moon is about 1/4 the size of Earth.
  • Earth is the fifth largest planet in our Solar system.
  • The Earth, the Sun and the Moon are all about the same age - 4.5 billion years.
  • The Earth, the Sun and the Moon have a similar layered structure.
  • The Sun is the brightest object in our sky.
  • The Sun is a light source. It provides us with the light that enables us to see during the day.
  • The Moon is the second brightest object in our sky.
  • The Moon is not a light source. It reflects light from the Sun.

 

  • Distances in space are huge.
  • It is a long way to the Moon.
  • It would take a long time to get to the Moon and back travelling at speeds we are used to.
  • It is a very, very long way to the Sun.
  • Travelling at the speed of a fast car it would take more than a life time to get to the Sun.
  • Long distances make large objects look small.

 

  • Objects attract each other.
  • Large objects have more gravity than small objects.
  • Gravitational force decreases with distance.
  • It is gravity that causes one object to orbit another.
  • All objects have mass, an amount of material that is the same wherever it is.
  • Gravity acts on mass to give it weight.
  • Weight changes due to location.
  • The speed of an object controls the height of an orbit.
  • High speeds can make an object leave orbit.
  • Low speeds can make an object fall to Earth.

 

  • The Earth moves in an elliptical orbit around the Sun.
  • The Moon moves in a circular orbit around Earth.
  • It takes a year for the Earth to complete one orbit of the Sun.
  • It takes the Moon about 29.5 days to complete an orbit of the Earth.
  • The Earth's rotational axis is inclined at an angle of 23.5° to the plane of revolution around the Sun.
  • The Earth's axis always points in the same direction.
  • The Sun appears high in the sky during summer and low in the sky during winter.
  • There are man made objects in orbit around the Earth.
  • Man made satellites are not spherical like the Earth, Sun and Moon.

 

  • The Earth spins around its axis once every 24 hours.
  • Day and Night are the result of the Earth spinning around its axis.
  • The Sun rises in the East and sets in the West.
  • The Moon and the Sun exert a gravitational pull on the Earth.
  • High and Low tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the Sun and Moon on the seas and oceans as the Moon orbits the Earth.
  • Knowledge of the tides is useful when boats are entering and leaving port or for preventing floods.
  • Spring, Summer, Autumn and Winter are different seasons that are caused by the Earth orbiting the Sun.
  • Knowledge of the seasons is helpful when planning farming and other annual activities such as Christmas.
  • Eclipses are caused when the Moon moves to a position between the Earth and the Sun.
  • The Moon's phases are caused by shadows when light from the Sun illuminates the Moon from different angles as it orbits the Earth.

 

 

Coming Soon

Space

  • Deep Space

    Constellations, nebulae, quasars, black-holes, galaxies and stars

    All about the distant objects beyond our Solar System

    Black holes are extreme amounts of matter compressed into a very small space. They create such a high gravitational field that even light cannot escape from their immense gravitational pull.......

  • The Solar System

    The local Space dominated by the star we call the Sun

    Within it we find comets, planets, the oort-cloud, meteorites, moons and other natural phenomenon.

    In ancient time the Romans called the Sun Sol, the Greeks called it Helios. The Sun is at the centre of a planetary system that is called the Solar system, after the Roman name for the Sun........

  • Space Exploration

    People and Space: The benefits, the future, probes, satellites, the shuttle, Apollo, Mercury, Gemini, Soyuz, Sputnik, space stations, telescopes, a timeline......

    • April 12, 1961, Yuri Gagarin of Russia became the first to enter space.
    • Apollo 11 wasn't Neil Armstrong’s first mission. His first mission was aboard the Gemini 8 on March 16 in 1966.
    • Apollo 13 was launched on April 11, 1970, but the mission was aborted after an oxygen tank exploded two days later. Apollo 13 is associated with the famous answering service Houston we've had a problem line, which was transmitted during the flight. Despite great hardship the crew safely returned on April 17.
    • On January 28 1986, the Challenger took off, but 73 seconds into its flight it broke apart, the seven crew members didn't survive.
    • Explorer 1, launched on Jan. 31, 1958, was the first artificial satellite sent into space by the United States.
To give just a idea.......